Measures the primary protein on HDL good cholesterol particles. Higher levels are cardioprotective, and women typically have higher ApoA1, making low levels particularly concerning.

Calculates the balance between harmful and protective cholesterol particles. One of the strongest predictors of cardiovascular risk in women, superior to traditional cholesterol ratios.

Measures the protein on all atherogenic (artery-clogging) particles. Considered a better predictor of heart attack risk than LDL alone, especially in women with metabolic syndrome or PCOS.

Measures good cholesterol that removes plaque from arteries. Women naturally have higher HDL than men, so a drop below 50 mg/dL is a significant cardiovascular warning sign.

Calculates bad cholesterol that builds up in artery walls. Primary target for cardiovascular risk reduction in women, with risk increasing after menopause.

Measures all cholesterol in the blood. Important baseline for women's cardiovascular risk, which rises significantly after menopause when protective estrogen levels decline.

Measures high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of vascular inflammation. Predicts cardiovascular events in women and is used alongside cholesterol to assess true heart disease risk.

Measures fibrinogen, a clotting protein and inflammatory marker. Elevated levels may be associated with increased cardiovascular and inflammatory risk.

Measures all cholesterol except HDL. A useful cardiovascular risk marker in women, especially those with elevated triglycerides.

Calculates the balance between total and HDL cholesterol. An important predictor of cardiovascular risk in women.

Measures an amino acid that damages blood vessel walls at high levels. Elevated homocysteine in women increases heart disease, stroke, and pregnancy complication risks including preeclampsia.

Measures a genetically determined lipoprotein that increases clotting and plaque risk. Especially important for women because elevated Lp(a) combined with estrogen changes raises stroke risk.

Measures the average size of HDL particles. Larger HDL particles are generally more cardioprotective in women.

Measures the total number of HDL particles. A useful marker of protective cardiovascular function in women.

Measures large HDL particles, which are most effective at reverse cholesterol transport and cardiovascular protection in women.

Measures an enzyme linked to inflamed, unstable arterial plaque. Identifies women at risk of heart attack or stroke even when standard cholesterol numbers appear normal.

Measures the average size of LDL particles. Smaller, denser LDL particles are associated with greater cardiovascular risk in women.

Measures the number of LDL particles using NMR. Can reveal cardiovascular risk not fully captured by standard LDL cholesterol in women.

Measures the number of small LDL particles, which are more atherogenic. Elevated levels indicate higher cardiovascular risk in women.

Measures the average size of VLDL particles. Important for assessing triglyceride-related cardiovascular risk in women.

Measures large VLDL particles which carry triglycerides. Elevated levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk in women.

Measures fat circulating in the blood after eating. Elevated triglycerides increase heart disease risk in women and are linked to PCOS, insulin resistance, and estrogen-based medications.