Measures high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of vascular inflammation. Predicts cardiovascular events in women and is used alongside cholesterol to assess true heart disease risk.

Measures antibodies highly specific to rheumatoid arthritis. Critical for early diagnosis in women, who develop RA 2-3 times more often than men, allowing treatment before joint damage occurs.

Measures anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies specific to lupus. Levels often correlate with disease activity and kidney involvement, helping monitor lupus flares in women.

Measures how quickly red blood cells settle, indicating inflammation. A general screening marker for women with suspected autoimmune flares, infections, or chronic inflammatory conditions.

Screens for antinuclear antibodies found in many autoimmune diseases. A critical first-step test for women with unexplained fatigue, joint pain, or rashes suggesting lupus, Sjögren's, or scleroderma.

Measures antibodies commonly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis. Used alongside CCP antibodies for RA diagnosis in women, though it can also be positive in other autoimmune conditions.

Measures antibodies highly specific to systemic lupus (SLE). Important because lupus affects women 9 times more than men, and a positive result strongly supports a lupus diagnosis.

Measures antibodies associated with mixed connective tissue disease and lupus. Helps distinguish between autoimmune conditions in women, particularly when symptoms overlap between diseases.

Measures antibodies attacking thyroid peroxidase enzyme. The most common marker for Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune thyroid disease that affects women 7 times more than men.